Impacting tool



Patented Dec.y 29, 11,942 n e y2,306,600V n ffnr CTING roor.

This invention relates in general to impacting tools adapted for delivering' blows in rapid succession. Toolsv of this type in various sizes'and equipped with 'different' types of operatingtool elements or implements vare vcapableofemployment for riveting, drilling, hammering, metal-- straightening and smoothing, 'and forgvarious other purposes. Asan exemplication' fofvone to'ol 'of this .gen-

eral `'character'` in whichthe principles of myfinr v vention may f-beembodied,l lI have here shown for illustrative purpose'sazmetalstraightening `and smoothing/tool adapted for straightening and smoothing 3 automobile fenders, bodies; and other sheet metal objects; It willbe obvious, however, that thevprinciples of my invention are equally applicable to'impacting tools designedor` adapted for various. purposes.;`

y Fig. a is a sectional "view ef arietergferqref' impacting implement.

Referring to the drawing moreindetailfreference character Sindicates generally' the v bo'clyfor sneu `of the' wel of cast meta1, generanyeynndriend to accommodate the head BQ of a'fmotori carrying member whichis secured tothe body 5 by l cal in shape and opening laterally nearits yupper v a-gseries of bolts or screws` |A,1,its propenposition with respecttothe body :being 'insured by onef or Y moredowelfpins 8. l. v

electric r'notorfA Slis Y, carried `bythe head' '6, the motor shaftv being equippedwitha pinion Ii meshingk withl and adapted to operate ranfinternalgear |2- carried'by a shaft I3 whichis journavlled at onefend ina bearing. seatedi'in l .a suitablyformedsupport .ifon'the interior of uthe body 5, and journalledlatjits other end vin I' v Many tools of the character; indicated are of e the pneumatic type operated' by compressed vair, but thevuse of such tools involves'expensive` air compressing equipment yand ilexible hose fromvr 20 t the motor'shaft, Ifhave found that them'ost enla,

` cient operationisnattaied 'with the use of the reduction gearing shown, which permits the `ern the compressed air supply to the tooLf, Electri-l cally operated tools 'for these purposes have falso ybeen used tota. limited extent-but the 'excessive "Vibration offthe'tol asta wholeinhe'r nt'inthe i v mechanical operation of the impactingelement. y

is very tiring to the'operator and vresultsin rapid f wear'and disintegration of thetool parts.- f VOne of the 'primary'purposes ofi my y*present invention is to provide an electricallyonmechanically operated' tool whichl will' f' be "light -in tion of which the vibration,'willfbe reducedto a minimum, th'usmaking fthe tool easy to handle,

vless tiringto the operator, and contributing v'to .the longevity of thedevice.' f f l With theseends in`v view,4 my invention con templates'the provision of a .tool in which a l pneumatic vibration-absorbing; motion -transmitting means-isinterposed rbetween the mechanical n l Toth'e `lovvvc'ar end thebodyyvsthere is rse-' weight and'easily handleable', butfintl'ie` opera-` l35 'interposed'betweenythe housing'andthe bodyA and l a bearing' is eeatecin' thefhead s, -wh11e the shaft I3 may,j if preferred.,be .favcontinu'ation of ployinent offa highspeed xriotcirgr .The shaft I3 carriesv intermediate y its'ends-an eccentric `I`lsurrounded'by 'a headelfatu the e upper end of the reciprocatory rod I9;` whichis the operatinglmember of the mechanism,VV For j frlctionireduction,-rollertor ball bearings 2l arel ysurely attached by means 'of stud bolts. 22 a s'ointerpesed between theejeeentriei famme head tapered housing V23 anda cylindricalelement 24 rigidly connected to both. A-diaphragm 25 of [suitably strong andy flexiblematerial, such y'for power transmitting member and the'l impacting n A1 implement so that the' requisite, reciprotlatory f movements are 'imparted to the impacting'V implement' without the production in. or the [transmission to, the toolas aawhole ofv the excessive instancem as a V laminated, 'rubber-Vimpregnated, fabric is interposed between .the memlzier 2,5 .and 40 the body Bjwhereit is securely/'clamped at its peripheral margin between the annular, shiuldery 26 formacion the body VSand an Opposedshoulder Y 21 formed atthe'upperend of member 2L. YOne or both of these shoulders is* provided on its' face 15 with'indentations .in which the4 material of v the' diaphragm is compressed when, thebolts '22 are 1 vibration which,ffor thereasonsabove indicated,k l

-is highly 'objectionable in tools of this character.

Referring for a better'understandine of-the inl vention to the exemplification thereof illustrated in' the drawing, Y

Fig. 1 is 'an elevation partially in' section of a tool embodyingr the principles of my invention;

-`Fig..2 is a fragmentary sectional View onthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1;. and

tightened `up lto thereby securely lclamp the da,

.-. phr gm invposition'and insure a-hermetic seal around the'diaphragm.

'the shoulder 3,Iat the lower end of nen'iberihi and al shoulderzfat the"`upper endlof the'ghousl ing 23.50 that an air tight*`compartmenthaving y ex'ible upper and lower walls is providedbetween 65.the diaphragms 25; a'nd29, i

The upper diaphragm 25 is secured at its center to the lower end of the rod To afford protection to the diaphragm against abrasion and wear during its operative movements, spheroidal clamping washers 34 and 35 are interposed respectively between the upper face of the diaphragm and the end of the rod I9 and the lower face of the diaphragm and the head of the bolt v33. Similarly, the lower diaphragm 29 is connected by a bolt 36 and washers 31 and 38 with arranged for recprocatory .movement in the tapered guide 4I forming a downward extension of the housing 23. In the lower end of this guide is disposed the impacting tool or implement 42 adapted to deliver to the material or object being worked the blow transmitted plunger 39. To prevent the impactingfimplement from dropping out of the lower end of the guide, `it is provided with a circumferential groove 43 in which is seated a circular expansion spring 44 adapted to engage the bore with sufficient friction to retain the implement 42 against accidental displacement.

When the tool is to be employed as a sheet metal straightener or smoother, an anvil between which and the implement 42, in this instance in the form of a hammer, the work is interposed, is provided as a part of or an attachment to the tool. As illustrated, the anvil in this instance assumes the form of a roll 45 rotatably supported so as to freely caster upon a ball 45 at the bottom of a bore formed in the upturned end of an arm 41 which is pivoted at 48 on a bracket 49 secured' to and projecting from a stationary part of the tool, such for instanceas the cylindrical member 24. The anvil is maintained in the operative relation to the hammer illustrated in the drawing by means of a link 5|, the upper end of which is attached to a bell crank shaped handle 52 pivoted on the bracket- 49 at 53. When the handle is swung in a counter-clockwise direction about its pivot viewing Fig. 1, the arm 41 is lowered to retract the anvil 45 from'the hammer 42 a sufficient distance to permit the introduction of the sheetr metal work to be operated upon between them. When the work has been positioned, the handle 52 is swung back to the position shown in the drawing, whereupon in operation the tooland the anvil are traversed over the area to be worked.

The tool which is relatively light in weight may be carried and moved about by the operator who grasps the handle 54 attached to the housing 5 and to the motor equipped with a switch 55 by which the current supplied to the motor by the feed wires 56 mayv be turned on-or off as desired. Although not essential to the operation of a tool embodyingv my invention, a light coiled spring 51 may be in- 9, the handle being preferably I9 by a bolt 33.

ing purposes, and in' this instance, `the convex face of the hammer with a depression 58 adapted to receive and form into a convex head the end ofthe rivet to be swaged.

A tool constructedY in accordance with my invention `operatesin the following. mannerz the upper end of a plunger.39.

to it from the wall of the 'guide A terposed between the diaphragms 25 and 29 and anchored at its ends in the head of bolts 33 and 36. This spring performs the dual function of insuring against the loosening of the bolts and serves to cushion the upward movement of diaphragm 29 so as to relieve to some extent the strain upon the diaphragm induced by vacuumatic action during the operation of the tool.

The hammer 42 or a convex face for cooperative action with the anvil 45. In Fig. 3,` however, I have shown a hammer which is particularly adaptedfor rivetillustrated in Fig. l Vhas a atl The operating member I9 is reciprocated upon v rotation of the shaft I3by .the motor, and :on its upward movement carries withA it the central portion of the upper diaphragm 25; thereby flexing the-diaphragm upwardly. `This diaphragm induces a partial vacuum in the chamber between the diaphragms, thereby causing the lower diaphragm 29 to flex upwardly and draw the plunger 39 upwardly in-its guiding bore. Upon downward movement of the operating member I9, the diaphragm 25 is flexed in the opposite direction,

and throughjthe compression ofthemir in the sealed chamber flexes diaphragm 29 downwardly, thereby causing the plunger '39 to' deliver. a blow to the hammerk 42 which is .transmitted to the work. The movement of the operating. member I9 is therefore pneumatically transmitted to the hammer so that`the shocks, jars, and strains whichwouldbe produced by a direct connection between the memberv I9 and the plunger 39 are eliminated, and at the same `time a "sharper, snappier blowis delivered than would be possible witha direct connection. i

. It is believed that my invention and .many of jits inherent advantageswill be apparentfgfrom the foregoing and thatthe structural details shown and describedare illustrative merely and maybe varied within considerable limits without departing from the essence of my invention as denedin the following claims.

I claimz' 1. -In'an impacting tool, the combination of a main body, a shaft mounted therein, means for f rotating. said shaft, an :elongated housing, a pneumatic unit comprising a cylindrical body and flexibley end walls interposed between and fixedlyconnected to said ,main and*l said housing, aspring, interposed between said ex'- ible end walls, a reciprocatory operating rod connected to the upper one of. said flexible'walis and connected for reciprocation by said shaft, and a tool operating plunger connected to the other Aof saidiiexible walls and arranged to be reciprocated thereby in said housing.

2. In an impacting tool, the combinationof a main body, a housing, a pneumatic unit interposed between and rigidly secured to said bodyand housing, said unit comprising lflexible end walls and an interposed cylindrical -member provdingan enclosed, hermeticallysealed chamber between said end'walls, a spring in said chamber interposed between said Vflexible end walls, l a shaft mounted in said main body, .an operating rod connected to. be reciprocated by said shaft other of said flexible walls to be positively actu` ated in opposite. directions by the ilexation of v the fiexiblewall to` which it is-connected, pneumatically induced by the positive ilexation of said other exible wall.

EDWARD' B. GEORGE.

head is-provided centrally 

